Is there one test for PCOS?

No. PCOS is diagnosed using a combination of features, and only after excluding other causes. A specialist puts the picture together.

Do I need an ultrasound to diagnose PCOS?

Not always. Ultrasound is one of the three criteria, but a diagnosis can be made on the other features. Your specialist will advise what's needed.

PCOS (PMOS) Diagnosis: How It's Confirmed

Name: PCOS (PMOS) Diagnosis: How It's Confirmed | Gynaec.com.au
Creator: Dr Priya Sivadas
Published: 2026-07-05
Keywords: PCOS, PMOS, polycystic ovary syndrome, polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome

In May 2026, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was officially renamed polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS), to better reflect that it is a whole body hormonal and metabolic condition, not a problem of ovarian cysts. Both names are in use during the transition, and you will still see PCOS widely. This resource uses PCOS and notes PMOS, so the information is easy to find under either name.

The diagnostic criteria

PCOS is generally diagnosed when at least two of three features are present, once other causes are excluded.

Irregular or absent ovulation (often irregular periods)
Signs of raised androgens (clinically or on blood tests)
Polycystic-appearing ovaries on ultrasound

Excluding other causes

Because other conditions can mimic PCOS, a specialist usually checks for things like thyroid problems and raised prolactin before confirming the diagnosis.

What tests to expect

Assessment typically includes a history, examination, blood tests (hormones, thyroid, prolactin), and sometimes a pelvic ultrasound.

When to see a specialist

If you have irregular periods, signs of raised androgens (such as excess hair or acne), or difficulty conceiving, a specialist can assess whether PCOS is the cause.